Researched by Marcel, Collections Research Volunteer, this remarkable model was created by Lawrence Hargrave in New South Wales, Australia, in 1882. An experimental trochoidal motion snake model, it reflects Hargrave’s deep curiosity about movement in the natural world and his methodical approach to understanding how motion could be translated into mechanical and, ultimately, aerial design.
The model consists of seven hinged metal segments, allowing it to move in a fluid, snake-like manner. Its head contains a clockwork mechanism, including a coil, ratchet cog, and two wheels mounted underneath, while the body is made up of several vertical metal segments. At the tail end, two mounted wheels support and guide its motion. Together, these elements demonstrate a two-part trochoidal motion, simulating the undulating movement of a snake.
Lawrence Hargrave (1850–1915) was an Australian inventor and aviation pioneer whose work played a crucial role in the development of human flight. Drawing inspiration from the movements of waves, snakes, fish, and birds, Hargrave developed theories that informed his concept of the “trochoided plane.” His contributions to early aviation include pioneering the three-cylinder rotary engine and being among the first to demonstrate that human flight was possible using a box kite.
Hargrave’s first successful manned flight took place at Stanwell Park, New South Wales, on 12 November 1894. His experimental designs and findings were later incorporated by other innovators, most notably influencing the Wright Brothers, who achieved powered flight with a pilot on board in December 1903.
This particular model (Object No. B1423-3) was acquired by the Powerhouse Museum on 23 January 1961 and continues to offer valuable insight into Hargrave’s experimental process and his fascination with translating natural motion into mechanical form.
Thank you to Marcel for this thoughtful research and for contributing to our understanding of this important object in the Powerhouse collection.
Research and story by volunteer Marcel. Blogpost by Karen Griffiths, (Volunteers Program Officer)